特朗普施压要求在周三截止日期前达成贸易协议，但暗示将给予更多时间进行谈判
【中美创新时报2025年7月7日编译讯】（记者温友平编译）特朗普政府正在加大对贸易伙伴的压力，要求他们在周三的最后期限之前迅速达成新协议，美国计划从周一开始向各国发出信函，警告他们可能在 8 月 1 日起加征关税。美联社记者艾伦·尼克迈耶和米歇尔·L·普莱斯对此作了下述报道。
这进一步加剧了企业、消费者和美国贸易伙伴的不确定性。哪些国家将收到通知，未来几天情况是否会有变化，以及唐纳德·特朗普总统是否会再次推迟征收关税，这些问题依然存在。特朗普和他的高级贸易顾问表示，他可能会延长达成协议的时间，但他们坚称，美国政府正在对其他国家施加极限压力。
白宫国家经济委员会主任凯文·哈塞特周日在哥伦比亚广播公司《面向国家》节目中表示，特朗普将决定何时放弃谈判。
“美国始终愿意与各方就一切问题进行对话，”哈塞特说。“有些事情有最后期限，有些事情已经迫在眉睫，所以事情可能会被推迟到最后期限之后，也可能不会。最终，总统会做出判断。”
白宫经济顾问委员会主席斯蒂芬·米兰 (Stephen Miran) 也表示，各国本着诚意进行谈判并做出让步可以“在某种程度上让谈判日期顺利推进”。
特朗普4月2日宣布的更高关税威胁着全球经济的转型，并引发更广泛的贸易战。一周后，在金融市场陷入恐慌之后，他的政府在大部分进口关税即将生效之际，暂停了这些关税90天。谈判窗口期至7月9日，目前只有英国和越南宣布达成协议。
特朗普对数十个对美国有显著贸易顺差的国家提高了关税，并对所有国家的进口产品征收10%的基准税，以应对他所谓的经济紧急情况。此外，钢铁和铝分别征收50%的关税，汽车则征收25%的关税。
自四月份以来，很少有外国政府按照共和党总统的要求与华盛顿制定新的贸易条款。
特朗普周五告诉记者，他的政府可能最早在周六向各国发出信函，说明如果未达成协议，各自的关税税率，但美国要到 8 月 1 日才会开始征收这些税。周日，他表示将从周一开始向外国政府发出信函——“可能是 12 封，也可能是 15 封”——说明对每个国家计划征收的关税。
“我们也达成了协议，”特朗普在从新泽西州的家中返回白宫前告诉记者。“所以我们会收到一些信件，而且一些协议已经达成了。”
他和他的顾问拒绝透露哪些国家将收到这些信件。
财政部长斯科特·贝森特否认了 8 月 1 日是新最后期限的说法，并拒绝透露周三可能会发生什么。
“我们拭目以待，”贝森特在美国有线电视新闻网（CNN）的《国情咨文》节目中说道。“我不会泄露具体细节。”
他表示，美国“接近达成几项协议”，并预计未来几天将发布几项重大声明。但他没有透露具体细节。
贝森特说：“我认为我们很快就会看到很多交易。”
周日晚些时候，特朗普誓言将对金砖国家加征更多关税。金砖国家在巴西峰会上曾谴责美国提高关税。特朗普在其社交媒体平台上发帖称，任何支持他所谓的“金砖国家反美政策”的国家都将被加征10%的关税。
特朗普宣布与越南达成协议，允许美国商品免税进入越南，而越南对美国的出口将面临 20% 的关税。
这一税率低于他 4 月份提出的对越南进口产品征收 46% 的关税——这是他所谓的互惠关税之一，针对的是数十个与美国存在贸易逆差的国家。
当被问及是否预计与欧盟或印度达成协议时，特朗普周五表示，“信件对我们来说更有利”，因为涉及的国家太多了。
“我们即将与印度和越南达成协议，但更简单的方法是发一封信说，‘听着，我们知道我们有一定的赤字，在某些情况下也有盈余，但不会太多。如果你想在美国做生意，这就是你必须支付的。’”
然而，在两国最近恢复贸易谈判后，特朗普大使皮特·胡克斯特拉周五表示，加拿大不会是收到信函的国家之一。
“加拿大是我们最大的贸易伙伴之一，”胡克斯特拉在渥太华接受CTV新闻采访时表示。“我们将达成一项明确的协议。”
加拿大总理马克·卡尼表示，他希望在7月21日之前达成一项新协议，否则加拿大将增加贸易反制措施。
胡克斯特拉不愿承诺达成贸易协议的具体日期，并表示即使达成协议，加拿大仍可能面临一些关税。但他表示：“我们不会只给加拿大发一封信。”
普莱斯在新泽西州布里奇沃特报道。美联社驻罗德岛州普罗维登斯的商业记者马特·奥布莱恩对本文亦有贡献。
题图：4月2日，特朗普总统在白宫玫瑰园宣布新关税。图片来源：Mark Schiefelbein/美联社
附原英文报道：
Pressure from Trump for trade deals before Wednesday deadline, but hints of more time for talks
By ELLEN KNICKMEYER and MICHELLE L. PRICE The Associated Press,Updated July 6, 2025, 11:22 p.m.
President Trump announcing new tariffs in the Rose Garden at the White House on April 2.Mark Schiefelbein/Associated Press
WASHINGTON (AP) — The Trump administration is stepping up pressure on trading partners to quickly make new deals before a Wednesday deadline, with plans for the United States to start sending letters Monday warning countries that higher tariffs could kick in Aug. 1.
That furthers the uncertainty for businesses, consumers and America’s trading partners, and questions remain about which countries will be notified, whether anything will change in the days ahead and whether President Donald Trump will once more push off imposing the rates. Trump and his top trade advisers say he could extend the time for dealmaking but they insist the administration is applying maximum pressure on other nations.
Kevin Hassett, director of the White House National Economic Council, told CBS’ “Face the Nation” on Sunday that Trump would decide when it was time to give up on negotiations.
“The United States is always willing to talk to everybody about everything,” Hassett said. “There are deadlines, and there are things that are close, so maybe things will push back past the deadline or maybe they won’t. In the end the president is going to make that judgment.”
Stephen Miran, the chair of the White House Council of Economic Advisers, likewise said countries negotiating in good faith and making concessions could “sort of, get the date rolled.”
The steeper tariffs that Trump announced April 2 threatened to overhaul the global economy and lead to broader trade wars. A week later, after the financial markets had panicked, his administration suspended for 90 days most of the higher taxes on imports just as they were to take effect. The negotiating window until July 9 has led to announced deals only with the United Kingdom and Vietnam.
Trump imposed elevated tariff rates on dozens of nations that run meaningful trade surpluses with the U.S., and a 10% baseline tax on imports from all countries in response to what he called an economic emergency. There are separate 50% tariffs on steel and aluminum and a 25% tariff on autos.
Since April, few foreign governments have set new trade terms with Washington as the Republican president demanded.
Trump told reporters Friday that his administration might be sending out letters as early as Saturday to countries spelling out their tariff rates if they did not reach a deal, but that the U.S. would not start collecting those taxes until Aug. 1. On Sunday, he said he would send out letters starting Monday — “could be 12, could be 15” — to foreign governments reflecting planned tariffs for each.
“We’ve made deals also,” Trump told reporters before heading back to the White House from his home in New Jersey. “So we’ll get to have a combination of letters, and some deals have been made.”
He and his advisers have declined to say which countries would receive the letters.
Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent rejected the idea that Aug. 1 was a new deadline and declined to say what might happen Wednesday.
“We’ll see,” Bessent said on CNN’s State of the Union. ”I’m not going to give away the playbook.”
He said the U.S. was “close to several deals,” and predicted several big announcements over the next few days. He gave no details.
“I think we’re going to see a lot of deals very quickly,” Bessent said.
Later Sunday, Trump vowed to impose more tariffs against the BRICS bloc of developing nations, which had condemned tariffs increases at its summit in Brazil. Trump said in a post on his social media platform that any country aligning itself with what he termed “the Anti-American policies of BRICS” would be levied an added 10% tariff.
Trump has announced a deal with Vietnam that would allow U.S. goods to enter the country duty-free, while Vietnamese exports to the U.S. would face a 20% levy.
That was a decline from the 46% tax on Vietnamese imports he proposed in April — one of his so-called reciprocal tariffs targeting dozens of countries with which the U.S. runs a trade deficit.
Asked if he expected to reach deals with the European Union or India, Trump said Friday that “letters are better for us” because there are so many countries involved.
“We have India coming up and with Vietnam, we did it, but much easier to send a letter saying, ’Listen, we know we have a certain deficit, or in some cases a surplus, but not too many. And this is what you’re going to have to pay if you want to do business in the United States.”
Canada, however, will not be one of the countries receiving letters, Trump’s ambassador, Pete Hoekstra, said Friday after trade talks between the two countries recently resumed.
“Canada is one of our biggest trading partners,” Hoekstra told CTV News in an interview in Ottawa. “We’re going to have a deal that’s articulated.”
Canadian Prime Minister Mark Carney has said he wants a new deal in place by July 21 or Canada will increase trade countermeasures.
Hoekstra would not commit to a date for a trade agreement and said even with a deal, Canada could still face some tariffs. But “we’re not going to send Canada just a letter,” he said.
Price reported from Bridgewater, New Jersey. AP Business Writer Matt O’Brien in Providence, Rhode Island, contributed to this report.
