皮尤调查发现，大多数青少年没有智能手机时会感到快乐或平静

【中美创新时报2024年3月12日讯】（记者温友平编译）皮尤研究中心的一份报告显示，近四分之三的美国青少年表示，当他们没有携带手机时，他们会感到快乐或平静。美联社记者芭芭拉·奥图泰（BARBARA ORTUTAY）对此作了如下报道。

在周一（3月11日）发布的一项调查中，皮尤研究中心还发现，尽管不使用手机有积极的关联，但大多数青少年并没有限制手机或社交媒体的使用。

这项调查是在政策制定者和儿童权益倡导者越来越关注青少年与手机和社交媒体的关系之际进行的。去年秋天，包括加利福尼亚州和纽约州在内的数十个州起诉 Instagram 和 Facebook 所有者 Meta Platforms，称其故意设计让儿童上瘾的功能，从而伤害年轻人并加剧青少年心理健康危机。一月份，Meta、TikTok、X 和其他社交媒体公司的首席执行官前往参议院司法委员会就其平台对年轻人的伤害作证。

尽管担忧日益增加，但大多数青少年表示智能手机让他们更容易发挥创造力和追求爱好，而 45% 的青少年表示智能手机有助于他们在学校取得好成绩。大多数青少年表示，对于同龄人来说，拥有智能手机的好处大于坏处。据皮尤研究中心称，几乎所有美国青少年（95%）都拥有智能手机。

该民意调查于9月26日至10月进行。2023 年 12 月 23 日，对 1,453 对单亲青少年的样本进行了分析，误差幅度为正负 3.2 个百分点。

以下是该调查的一些其他发现：

—— 大约一半的父母 (47%) 表示他们限制孩子使用手机的时间，而类似比例的父母 (48%) 则没有这样做。

—— 大约十分之四的父母和青少年表示，他们至少有时会争论孩子花在电话上的时间。每个群体中都有 10% 的人表示这种情况经常发生，其中西班牙裔美国人最有可能表示他们经常因电话使用而争论。

—— 近三分之二 (64%) 13 至 14 岁孩子的家长表示他们会查看孩子的智能手机，而 15 至 17 岁孩子的家长中这一比例为 41%。

—— 42% 的青少年表示，智能手机让学习良好的社交技能变得更加困难，而 30% 的青少年则表示，智能手机让学习变得更容易。

—— 富裕的父母表示，与其他收入阶层的父母相比，他们更难以管理青少年花多少时间看手机。

该报告还指出青少年与其父母之间存在脱节。近一半的青少年表示，他们的父母在谈话时至少有时会被手机分散注意力；31% 的父母表示这是他们所做的事情。

这种差距只是父母和青少年在使用手机时面临的众多复杂问题之一。

“这些不仅仅是青少年问题，也是家庭问题和家长问题，”该报告的主要作者、皮尤研究中心互联网和技术研究部总经理莫妮卡·安德森（Monica Anderson）说。

本报告使用了《华盛顿邮报》的材料。

题图：皮尤研究中心发布的一项调查显示，尽管摆脱手机有积极的影响，但大多数青少年并没有限制手机或社交媒体的使用。FINWAL89/ADOBE

附原英文报道：

Most teens report feeling happy or peaceful when they go without smartphones, Pew survey finds

By BARBARA ORTUTAY The Associated Press,Updated March 11, 2024

In a survey published by the Pew Research Center, despite the positive associations with going phone-free, most teens have not limited their phone or social media use.FINWAL89/ADOBE

Nearly three-quarters of US teens say they feel happy or peaceful when they don’t have their phones with them, according to a report from the Pew Research Center.

In a survey published Monday, Pew also found that despite the positive associations with going phone-free, most teens have not limited their phone or social media use.

The survey comes as policy makers and children’s advocates are increasingly concerned with teens’ relationships with their phones and social media. Last fall, dozens of states, including California and New York, sued Instagram and Facebook owner Meta Platforms for harming young people and contributing to the youth mental health crisis by knowingly and deliberately designing features that addict children. In January, the CEOs of Meta, TikTok, X, and other social media companies went before the Senate Judiciary Committee to testify about their platforms’ harms to young people.

Despite the increasing concerns, most teens say smartphones make it easier to be creative and pursue hobbies, while 45 percent said it helps them do well in school. Most teens said the benefits of having a smartphone outweigh the harms for people their age. Nearly all US teens (95 percent) have access to a smartphone, according to Pew.

The poll was conducted from Sept. 26-Oct. 23, 2023, among a sample of 1,453 pairs of teens with one parent, and has a margin of error of plus or minus 3.2 percentage points.

Here are some of the survey’s other findings:

— About half of parents (47 percent) say they limit the amount of time their teen can be on their phone, while a similar share (48 percent) don’t do this.

— Roughly 4 in 10 parents and teens say they at least sometimes argue with each other about how much time their teen spends on the phone. Ten percent in each group said this happens often, with Hispanic Americans the most likely to say they often argue about phone use.

— Nearly two-thirds (64 percent) of parents of 13- to 14-year-olds say they look through their teen’s smartphone, compared with 41 percent among parents of 15- to 17-year-olds.

— Forty-two percent of teens say smartphones make learning good social skills harder, while 30 percent said it makes it easier.

— Wealthier parents reported more difficulty managing how much time their teenagers spend looking at their phones than parents in other income brackets.

The report also identified a disconnect between teens and their parents. Almost half of teenagers say their parents at least sometimes get distracted by their phones during conversations; 31 percent of parents said this is something they do.

The gap is just one of the many complicated issues parents and teens are navigating when it comes to phones.

“These aren’t just teen issues, these are family issues and parent issues,” said Monica Anderson, the report’s lead author and managing director of internet and technology research at the Pew Research Center.

Material from The Washington Post was used in this report.