电子邮件用户名、内部通信、外国资金文件：特朗普政府最新对哈佛的要求
【中美创新时报2025 年 4 月 19 日编译讯】（记者温友平编译）为了加大对哈佛大学的压力，特朗普政府要求该校交出有关海外资金来源的文件，以及与外国政府或机构有来往的哈佛大学员工和研究人员的详细信息。《波士顿环球报》记者迈克·达米亚诺对此作了下述报道。
联邦官员还希望哈佛大学为被开除的外国学生提供电子邮件用户名。
美国教育部在周五宣布的请求中表示，发现哈佛大学披露的外国礼物和合同“不完整且不准确”。
教育部长琳达·麦克马洪在一份新闻稿中表示：“作为联邦资金的接受者，哈佛大学必须对其与外国资金和政府的关系保持透明。不幸的是，我们的审查表明，哈佛大学并未完全透明。”
哈佛大学发言人表示，学校的披露信息符合法律规定。
这一要求是在周四发送给哈佛大学校长艾伦·加伯的记录请求中提出的。此前，联邦政府其他部门本周也发出了威胁，特朗普总统威胁要取消哈佛大学的免税地位，国土安全部则表示可能会关闭哈佛大学招收国际学生的能力。
这一最新举动加剧了联邦政府与美国历史最悠久、最富有、最负盛名的大学之间的非同寻常的对抗。特朗普政府试图迫使哈佛大学进行全面的政策改革并接受联邦政府的监督，哈佛大学和波士顿地区医院数十亿美元的研究经费岌岌可危。
美国政府指控哈佛大学和其他精英大学未能保护犹太学生免受与加沙战争抗议活动相关的反犹太主义骚扰。上周，特朗普政府的反犹太主义特别工作组下令哈佛大学取消多元化项目，接受某些学术项目的外部审计，并与联邦当局共享有关外国学生的信息，以及其他指令。
加伯周一拒绝了这些 要求。随后，工作组冻结了超过20亿美元的资金，其中大部分用于从结核病到肌萎缩侧索硬化症等疾病的生物医学研究。
教育部对哈佛大学外国资金的审查正值一些高等教育领袖、校友团体和保守派政客对外国势力在精英大学校园内影响和间谍活动表示担忧之际。2021年，前哈佛大学化学教授查尔斯·M·利伯（Charles M. Lieber）因谎报其与中国的关系而被判有罪。包括哈佛犹太校友联盟（Harvard Jewish Alumni Alliance ）在内的一些团体抱怨哈佛大学在非民主国家资金方面缺乏透明度。
哈佛犹太校友联盟发言人罗尼·布伦表示，她并不认可教育部的审查。她说，她的组织成员“来自各个政治派别”，“我们都将法治放在首位”。“这方面可能存在过度干预，这让我们感到担忧。”
在有关外国资金的记录请求中，特朗普政府命令哈佛大学交出有关处理外国捐赠的工作人员和受益于外国资金的研究人员的广泛信息。
哈佛大学政府表示，必须交出“哈佛大学每一项外国捐赠、资助和合同所涉及的所有已知相关方（人员和实体）的身份，无论这些相关方是否与哈佛大学有关联。”
根据记录请求，其中包括首席研究人员和“参与外国来源捐赠或合同的任何其他研究人员”。
记录请求还要求哈佛大学交出与被开除的外国学生相关的电子邮件用户名和“其他唯一标识符”。
此外，根据记录请求，哈佛大学必须在 30 天内交出所有与外国资金相关的通信。
哈佛大学发言人杰森·牛顿表示，哈佛大学几十年来一直按照联邦政府的规定披露外国资金。“根据要求，哈佛大学的报告包含每年超过25万美元的外国捐赠和合同信息，”他说道。“这包括提供高管教育、其他培训和学术出版物的合同。”
特朗普政府的反犹太主义工作组是由教育部等多个联邦机构联合成立的，该工作组带头开展了政府针对哈佛大学的运动。
华盛顿特区犹太人权益组织路易斯·D·布兰代斯中心负责人肯尼斯·马库斯 表示，特朗普政府正在采取“全政府方式”来应对日益加剧的反犹太主义，这种现象已构成一场“危机”。
他说：“就政府采取的非常措施而言，这既是受欢迎的，也是必要的。”马库斯曾在特朗普第一届政府期间担任教育部民权部门负责人。
哈佛大学的许多人，包括一些对校园反犹太主义表示担忧的人，都表示政府正在利用这些担忧来对精英大学进行更广泛的打击。
哈佛大学心理学教授史蒂芬·平克 (Steven Pinker) 表示：“打击反犹太主义的既定目标只是一个借口。”
许多寄给哈佛的要求与反犹太主义并无直接关联。“如果你认真读一下他们的信，就会发现他们非常明确地阐述了他们的目标，”哈佛犹太校友联盟的布鲁恩说道。“声称整件事是为了反对反犹太主义的说法非常可疑。”
哈佛大学政府学教授史蒂芬·列维茨基周五上午表示，特朗普政府正在“采取强硬手段”。
“这是一个专制政府，它把法律和政府机构当作武器，用来打压公民社会组织，”他说。“这是典型的专制行为。”
《华盛顿邮报》周三报道称，美国财政部已指示美国国税局取消哈佛大学的免税资格，这是特朗普周二公开提出的这个想法。
他在社交媒体上写道：“请记住，免税地位完全取决于公众利益！”
如果没有免税资格，哈佛大学将不得不缴纳财产税和捐款税，以及更高的捐赠收益税。总计财务损失可能高达每年数亿美元。
哈佛大学发言人杰森·牛顿在一份声明中表示，“没有任何法律依据可以取消哈佛大学的免税地位。”
“这种前所未有的行动将危及我们履行教育使命的能力。这将导致学生经济援助减少、关键医学研究项目被放弃，以及创新机会的丧失，”他说。
据国土安全部新闻稿称，周二晚些时候，国土安全部部长克里斯蒂·诺姆命令哈佛大学向联邦政府提交有关持外国签证学生“非法和暴力活动”的信息。
公告称，如果该大学在4月30日前仍未遵守规定，其招收外国学生的资格将被撤销。
这一撤销将使大学失去一个重要的收入来源：外国学生支付的学费，这些学生没有资格获得联邦财政援助，而且往往需要支付全额学费。
哈佛大学有近 6,800 名国际学生，约占其总入学人数的 27%。
该部门还表示，将取消向哈佛大学提供的 270 万美元国土安全拨款。
哈佛大学发言人杰森·牛顿 (Jason Newton) 表示，该校已获悉国土安全部的通报。
他说：“如果联邦政府对我们社区的成员采取行动，我们希望这将基于明确的证据，遵循既定的法律程序，并尊重所有个人享有的宪法权利。”
他说：“我们将继续遵守法律，并希望政府也这样做。”
题图：哈佛大学剑桥校区。 图片：David L. Ryan/《波士顿环球报》员工
附原英文报道：
Email usernames, internal communications, foreign funding documents: Inside the Trump administration’s latest Harvard demands
By Mike Damiano Globe Staff,Updated April 18, 2025, 3:19 p.m.
Harvard’s campus in Cambridge. David L. Ryan/Globe Staff
In another effort to ratchet up the pressure on Harvard University, the Trump administration is demanding the school turn over documentation about funding from overseas sources, as well as details about Harvard employees and researchers who have dealings with foreign governments or institutions.
Federal officials also want Harvard to provide email usernames for expelled foreign students.
In its request announced Friday, the US Department of Education said it found Harvard’s disclosures of foreign gifts and contracts are “incomplete and inaccurate.”
“As a recipient of federal funding, Harvard University must be transparent about its relations with foreign sources and governments,” Secretary of Education Linda McMahon said in a press release. “Unfortunately, our review indicated that Harvard has not been fully transparent.”
A Harvard spokesperson said the school’s disclosures comply with the law.
The demands, laid out in a records request sent to Harvard president Alan Garber Thursday, follow threats from other parts of the federal government this week, with President Trump threatening to revoke the university’s tax-exempt status and the Department of Homeland Security saying it may shut down Harvard’s ability to enroll international students.
This latest move adds to the extraordinary confrontation between the federal government and the country’s oldest, wealthiest, and most prestigious university. Billions of dollars of research funding for Harvard and Boston-area hospitals is at stake as the Trump administration tries to compel the university to make sweeping policy changes and submit to federal oversight.
The government has alleged that Harvard and other elite universities have failed to protect Jewish students from antisemitic harassment related to the Gaza war protests. Last week, the Trump administration’s antisemitism task force ordered Harvard to abolish diversity programs, submit to external audits of certain academic programs, and share information about foreign students with federal authorities, among other directives.
Garber on Monday rejected those demands. The task force then moved to freeze more than $2 billion of funding, much of it for biomedical research on subjects from tuberculosis to Lou Gehrig’s disease.
The Department of Education’s review of Harvard’s foreign funding comes amid concerns from some higher education leaders, alumni groups, and conservative politicians about foreign influence and espionage on elite university campuses. In 2021, a former Harvard chemistry professor, Charles M. Lieber, was convicted of lying about his ties to China. Some groups, including the Harvard Jewish Alumni Alliance, have complained about a lack of transparency from Harvard about funding from nondemocratic states.
Roni Brunn, a spokesperson for the Harvard Jewish Alumni Alliance, said she does not endorse the Department of Education’s review. Her group has members from “across the political spectrum” and “we all prioritize the rule of law,” she said. “There is potential for overreach here and it scares us.”
In the records request about foreign funding, the Trump administration ordered Harvard to turn over wide-ranging information about staff who handle foreign gifts and researchers who benefit from foreign funding.
Harvard, the administration said, must turn over: “The identities of all known parties (personnel and entities) involved in each of Harvard’s foreign source gifts, grants, and contracts, whether those parties are or are not Harvard-affiliated parties.”
That includes lead researchers and ”any other research personnel involved in the foreign source gift or contract,” according to the records request.
The records request also demands Harvard turn over email usernames and “other unique identifiers” associated with expelled foreign students.
Additionally, Harvard must turn over all communications related to foreign funding within 30 days, according to the records request.
Harvard spokesperson Jason Newton said Harvard has filed federally mandated disclosures of foreign funding for decades. “As is required, Harvard’s reports include information on gifts and contracts from foreign sources exceeding $250K annually,” he said. “This includes contracts to provide executive education, other training, and academic publications.”
The Trump administration’s antisemitism task force, a joint effort by several federal agencies including the Department of Education, has spearheaded the government’s campaign against Harvard.
Kenneth Marcus, head of the Louis D. Brandeis Center, a Jewish advocacy group in Washington, D.C., said the Trump administration is using a “whole of government approach” to respond to rising levels of antisemitism that amount to a “crisis.”
“To the extent that the government is using extraordinary remedies, this is both welcome and necessary,” he said. Marcus was the head of the civil rights division of the Department of Education during the first Trump administration.
Many at Harvard, including some who have expressed concern about campus antisemitism, say the government is weaponizing those concerns to prosecute a wider crackdown on elite universities.
“The stated goal of combating antisemitism is a pretext,” said Steven Pinker, a Harvard psychology professor.
Many of the demands sent to Harvard do not directly relate to antisemitism. “If you actually read their letters, they very clearly state their goals,” said Brunn, of the Harvard Jewish Alumni Alliance. “The narrative that this whole thing is purported to be against antisemitism is highly suspect.”
Harvard government professor Steven Levitsky said Friday morning that the Trump administration is “playing hardball.”
“This is an authoritarian government that is weaponizing the law and weaponizing government agencies to go after civil society organizations,” he said. “This is classic authoritarian behavior.”
The Washington Post reported Wednesday that the Treasury Department had instructed the Internal Revenue Service to revoke Harvard’s tax-exempt status, an idea Trump publicly floated on Tuesday.
“Remember, Tax Exempt Status is totally contingent on acting in the PUBLIC INTEREST!” he wrote on social media.
Without tax-exempt status, Harvard would have to pay taxes on property and donations, as well as higher taxes on earnings from its endowment. The total financial hit could be hundreds of millions of dollars a year.
In a statement, Harvard spokesperson Jason Newton said, “There is no legal basis to rescind Harvard’s tax-exempt status.”
“Such an unprecedented action would endanger our ability to carry out our educational mission. It would result in diminished financial aid for students, abandonment of critical medical research programs, and lost opportunities for innovation,” he said.
Later on Tuesday, Department of Homeland Security secretary Kristi Noem ordered Harvard to turn over to the federal government information about “illegal and violent activities” by students with foreign visas, according to a DHS press release.
If the university does not comply by April 30, its certification to enroll foreign students will be revoked, according to the release.
That revocation would deprive the university of a significant source of revenue: tuition paid by foreign students, who do not qualify for federal financial aid and often pay the full cost.
Harvard has nearly 6,800 international students, or about 27 percent of its total enrollment.
The department also said it was canceling $2.7 million in Homeland Security grants to Harvard.
Harvard spokesperson Jason Newton said the university was aware of a communication from DHS.
“If federal action is taken against a member of our community, we expect it will be based on clear evidence, follow established legal procedures, and respect the constitutional rights afforded to all individuals,” he said.
”We will continue to comply with the law and expect the administration to do the same,” he said.
