俄罗斯和美国同意在具有里程碑意义的会谈中努力改善关系并结束乌克兰战争
【中美创新时报2025 年 2 月 19 日编译讯】（记者温友平编译）俄罗斯和美国周二同意开始努力结束乌克兰战争并改善外交和经济关系，两国高级外交官在会谈后表示，此次会谈反映了唐纳德·特朗普总统领导下的美国外交政策发生了巨大转变。美联社记者MATTHEW LEE、BARAA ANWER 和 DASHA LITVINOVA 对此作了下述报道。
美国国务卿马尔科·卢比奥在会后接受美联社采访时表示，双方大体同意实现三个目标：恢复驻华盛顿和莫斯科大使馆的人员配备、组建一支高级团队支持乌克兰和谈、探索建立更紧密的关系和经济合作。
但他强调，此次会谈——俄罗斯外长谢尔盖·拉夫罗夫和其他俄美高级官员出席了会谈——标志着对话的开始，还有更多的工作要做。
拉夫罗夫附和了卢比奥的言论，并告诉记者，“这次谈话非常有用”。
“我们不仅倾听，而且听到了彼此的声音，”他说。
特朗普的国家安全顾问迈克尔·沃尔兹和中东问题特使史蒂文·维特科夫与卢比奥一起坐在了谈判桌上，拉夫罗夫和俄罗斯总统弗拉基米尔·普京的外交事务顾问尤里·乌沙科夫也参加了会谈。
没有乌克兰官员出席此次会议，会议召开之际，这个陷入困境的国家在近三年前开始的一场残酷战争中，正缓慢但稳步地输给数量更多的俄罗斯军队。
乌克兰总统泽连斯基表示，由于基辅没有参加谈判，他的国家不会接受任何谈判结果，他推迟了原定于周三访问乌克兰的行程。
欧洲盟友也表示担心自己被边缘化。
改善俄美关系
近年来，俄美关系已降至几十年来的最低水平——自 2014 年俄罗斯非法吞并乌克兰的克里米亚以来，这种裂痕一直在扩大，在莫斯科全面入侵后更是雪上加霜。
美国和欧洲国家对俄罗斯实施了一系列制裁，试图损害其经济。华盛顿和莫斯科的大使馆受到严重打击，大量外交官被驱逐，并受到其他限制。
鲁比奥周二表示，结束乌克兰战争可以“打开大门”，带来“令人难以置信的机会，让我们在共同关心的问题上与俄罗斯在地缘政治上合作，坦率地说，在经济问题上合作，希望这对世界有利，也能长期改善我们的关系。”
他的言论进一步证明了美国在俄罗斯问题上的显著逆转，此前特朗普的前任乔·拜登曾领导国际社会努力孤立莫斯科。
周二的会晤旨在为特朗普和普京的峰会铺平道路。会谈结束后，乌沙科夫和沃尔兹表示，峰会的日期尚未确定。乌沙科夫告诉俄罗斯电视台，下周“不太可能”举行会晤，而沃尔兹则表示，他认为可以在未来几周安排。
拉夫罗夫在会后对记者说，他提到了与鲁比奥相同的三个目标，并表示华盛顿和莫斯科同意任命代表就乌克兰问题进行“定期磋商”。
“我有理由相信，美方已经开始更好地理解我们的立场”，俄罗斯外交部长说。
维特科夫说，这次会晤“积极、乐观、富有建设性。每个人都在场，以取得正确的结果。”
这次会晤标志着自莫斯科于 2022 年 2 月 24 日入侵以来两国之间最广泛的接触。近两年前，拉夫罗夫和当时的美国国务卿安东尼·布林肯在印度举行的 G20 会议间隙进行了简短交谈，但紧张局势仍然很高。
盟友担心他们被边缘化
美国最近对战争的外交攻势让乌克兰和主要盟友争先恐后地确保在谈判桌上占有一席之地，因为人们担心华盛顿和莫斯科可能会推进一项不利于他们的协议。
基辅缺席周二的会谈，这让许多乌克兰人感到愤怒，法国于周一召集欧盟国家和英国召开紧急会议，讨论这场战争。基辅参加此类会谈是拜登领导下的美国政策的基石。
美国国务院发言人塔米·布鲁斯表示，会谈旨在确定俄罗斯对实现和平的认真程度，以及是否可以开始详细谈判。
卢比奥周二表示，将“与乌克兰、我们在欧洲和其他国家的伙伴进行接触和磋商。但最终，俄罗斯方面对这一努力是不可或缺的。”
卢比奥还表示，结束冲突需要各方做出让步，华盛顿“不会预先确定”这些让步是什么。
美国国防部长皮特·赫格塞斯上周表示，乌克兰加入北约是不现实的，并建议基辅放弃从俄罗斯夺回所有领土的希望——这是普京愿望清单上的两个关键项目。
沃尔兹说：“实际情况是，双方会讨论领土问题，也会讨论安全保障问题。”
法国总统埃马纽埃尔·马克龙周二表示，他在周一的欧洲会议后与特朗普和泽连斯基通了电话。
“我们寻求乌克兰实现强大而持久的和平，”马克龙在社交媒体平台 X 上写道。“为了实现这一目标，俄罗斯必须停止侵略，同时必须为乌克兰人提供强大而可靠的安全保障，”他说，并发誓“与所有欧洲人、美国人和乌克兰人一起努力。”
沙特阿拉伯的作用
在沙特首都利雅得的迪里耶宫举行的会议还凸显了事实上的领导人王储穆罕默德·本·萨勒曼努力成为重要的外交参与者，重振因 2018 年《华盛顿邮报》记者贾迈勒·卡舒吉被杀而严重受损的声誉。
沙特国家媒体称，会谈是在王储的指示下进行的。与邻国阿联酋一样，在俄罗斯与乌克兰的战争期间，这位王子一直与俄罗斯保持着密切的关系，既通过 OPEC+ 石油卡特尔，也通过外交手段。
沙特阿拉伯还帮助进行了囚犯谈判，并于 2023 年接待了泽连斯基参加阿拉伯联盟峰会。
但泽连斯基推迟了原定于本周访问沙特阿拉伯的行程，这表明他想避免将自己的访问与会谈联系起来，因为乌克兰官员没有受到邀请。他的访问被重新安排在 3 月 10 日。
战争仍在继续
与此同时，据基辅军方称，俄罗斯继续用无人机攻击乌克兰。乌克兰空军称，俄罗斯军队在夜间向乌克兰发射了 176 架无人机，其中大部分被摧毁或因干扰而失效。
据该地区政府报道，一架俄罗斯无人机袭击了基洛夫格勒地区多林斯卡的一栋住宅楼，造成一名母亲和她的两个孩子受伤，并促使 38 套公寓疏散。据当地官员称，乌克兰切尔卡瑟地区又有四栋住宅楼被无人机残骸损坏。
利特维诺娃在爱沙尼亚塔林报道。美联社记者巴拉·安沃在沙特阿拉伯利雅得、乔恩·甘布雷尔在阿拉伯联合酋长国迪拜、伊利亚·诺维科夫在乌克兰基辅和西尔维·科贝特在巴黎对本报道亦有贡献。
题图：美国国务卿马尔科·卢比奥和俄罗斯外交部长谢尔盖·拉夫罗夫率领的代表团在利雅得的迪里耶宫举行会晤。Evelyn Hockstein/美联社
附原英文报道：
Russia and the US agree to work toward improving ties and ending the Ukraine war in landmark talks
By MATTHEW LEE, BARAA ANWER and DASHA LITVINOVA The Associated Press,Updated February 18, 2025
Delegations led by US Secretary of State Marco Rubio and Russian Foreign Minister Sergey Lavrov met at the Diriyah Palace in Riyadh.Evelyn Hockstein/Associated Press
RIYADH, Saudi Arabia (AP) — Russia and the U.S. agreed Tuesday to start working toward ending the war in Ukraine and improving their diplomatic and economic ties, the two countries’ top diplomats said after talks that reflected an extraordinary about-face in U.S. foreign policy under President Donald Trump.
In an interview with The Associated Press after the meeting, U.S. Secretary of State Marco Rubio said the two sides agreed broadly to pursue three goals: to restore staffing at their respective embassies in Washington and Moscow, to create a high-level team to support Ukraine peace talks and to explore closer relations and economic cooperation.
He stressed, however, that the talks — which were attended by his Russian counterpart, Sergey Lavrov, and other senior Russian and U.S. officials — marked the beginning of a conversation, and more work needs to be done.
Lavrov echoed Rubio’s remarks and told reporters that “the conversation was very useful.”
“We not only listened, but also heard each other,” he said.
Trump’s national security adviser, Michael Waltz, and special Mideast envoy Steven Witkoff joined Rubio at the table, along with Lavrov and Russian President Vladimir Putin’s foreign affairs adviser, Yuri Ushakov.
No Ukrainian officials were present at the meeting, which came as the beleaguered country is slowly but steadily losing ground against more numerous Russian troops in a grinding war that began nearly three years ago.
Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy said his country would not accept any outcome from the talks since Kyiv didn’t take part, and he postponed his own trip to the kingdom scheduled for Wednesday.
European allies have also expressed concerns that they are being sidelined.
Improving Russian-US relations
Ties between Russia and the U.S. have fallen to their lowest level in decades in recent years — a rift that has been widening ever since Russia illegally annexed Crimea from Ukraine in 2014 and only worsened after Moscow’s full-scale invasion.
The U.S., along with European nations, imposed a raft of sanctions on Russia in an effort to damage its economy. And embassies in Washington and Moscow have been hit hard by expulsions of large numbers of diplomats, as well as other restrictions.
Rubio said Tuesday that ending the war in Ukraine could “unlock the door” for “incredible opportunities that exist to partner with the Russians geopolitically on issues of common interest and, frankly, economically on issues that hopefully will be good for the world and also improve our relations in the long term.”
His comments were further evidence of the remarkable U.S. reversal on Russia after years in which Trump’s predecessor, Joe Biden, led international efforts to isolate Moscow.
Tuesday’s meeting was meant to pave the way for a summit between Trump and Putin. After the talks ended, Ushakov and Waltz said no date has been set yet for that summit. Ushakov told Russian television that a meeting was “unlikely” to take place next week, while Waltz said he thought it could be arranged in the coming weeks.
Speaking to reporters after the meeting, Lavrov mentioned the same three goals as Rubio and said that Washington and Moscow agreed to appoint representatives to carry out “regular consultations” on Ukraine.
“I have reason to believe that the American side has started to better understand our position” the Russian foreign minister said.
Witkoff said the meeting was “positive, upbeat, constructive. Everybody was there to get to the right outcome.”
The meeting marked the most extensive contact between the two countries since Moscow’s Feb. 24, 2022, invasion. Lavrov and then-U.S. Secretary of State Antony Blinken talked briefly on the sidelines of a G-20 meeting in India nearly two years ago, but tensions remained high.
Concerns from allies they are being sidelined
The recent U.S. diplomatic blitz on the war has sent Ukraine and key allies scrambling to ensure a seat at the table amid concerns that Washington and Moscow could press ahead with a deal that won’t be favorable to them.
Kyiv’s absence at Tuesday’s talks rankled many Ukrainians, and France called an emergency meeting of European Union countries and the U.K. on Monday to discuss the war. Kyiv’s participation in such talks was a bedrock of U.S. policy under Biden.
U.S. State Department spokeswoman Tammy Bruce said the talks were aimed at determining how serious the Russians are about achieving peace and whether detailed negotiations can start.
Rubio said Tuesday that there would be “engagement and consultation with Ukraine, with our partners in Europe and others. But ultimately, the Russian side will be indispensable to this effort.”
Rubio also said ending the conflict would require concessions from all sides and that Washington “is not going to predetermine” would those concessions would be.
U.S. Defense Secretary Pete Hegseth said last week that NATO membership for Ukraine was unrealistic and suggested Kyiv should abandon hopes of winning all its territory back from Russia — two key items on Putin’s wish list.
Waltz said “the practical reality is that there is going to be some discussion of territory, and there’s going to be a discussion of security guarantees.”
French President Emmanuel Macron on Tuesday said he spoke by phone to Trump and Zelenskyy following Monday’s European meeting.
“We seek a strong and lasting peace in Ukraine,” Macron wrote on social media platform X. “To achieve this, Russia must end its aggression, and this must be accompanied by strong and credible security guarantees for the Ukrainians,” he said and vowed to “work on this together with all Europeans, Americans, and Ukrainians.”
Saudi Arabia’s role
The meeting at the Diriyah Palace in the Saudi capital of Riyadh also highlighted de facto leader Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman’s efforts to be a major diplomatic player, burnishing a reputation severely tarnished by the 2018 killing of Washington Post journalist Jamal Khashoggi.
Saudi state media described the talks as happening at the prince’s direction. Like the neighboring United Arab Emirates, the prince has maintained close relations to Russia throughout its war on Ukraine, both through the OPEC+ oil cartel and diplomatically as well.
Saudi Arabia has also helped in prisoner negotiations and hosted Zelenskyy for an Arab League summit in 2023.
But Zelenskyy postponed his own trip to Saudi Arabia scheduled for this week, suggesting that he wanted to avoid his visit being linked to the talks since Ukrainian officials weren’t invited. He visit was rescheduled for March 10.
War continues
Meanwhile, Russia continued to pummel Ukraine with drones, according to Kyiv’s military. The Ukrainian air force said Russian troops launched a barrage of 176 drones at Ukraine overnight, most of which were destroyed or disabled by jamming.
One Russian drone struck a residential building in Dolynska in the Kirovohrad region, wounding a mother and her two children and prompting an evacuation of 38 apartments, the regional administration reported. Four more residential buildings were damaged by drone debris in the Cherkasy region of Ukraine, according to local officials.
Litvinova reported from Tallinn, Estonia. Associated Press writers Baraa Anwer in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, Jon Gambrell in Dubai, United Arab Emirates, Illia Novikov in Kyiv, Ukraine, and Sylvie Corbet in Paris contributed to this report.
