韩国议会投票反对该国总统的命令并立即解除其戒严令
【中美创新时报2024 年 12 月 3 日编译讯】（记者温友平编译）韩国总统尹锡烈周二晚间宣布戒严，誓言要消灭“反国家”势力，因为他正在与控制该国议会的反对派作斗争，他指责反对派同情共产主义朝鲜。几个小时后，议会投票决定解除戒严令，国会议长禹元植宣布戒严令“无效”，议员“将与人民一起保护民主”。美联社对此作了下述报道。
在禹呼吁他们撤离后，警察和军人离开了议会场地。在300个议席中占多数的自由民主党领导人李在明表示，该党议员将留在议会大厅，直到尹永哲正式解除弹劾令。
数百名抗议者聚集在议会前，挥舞着横幅，要求弹劾尹永哲。
李在明在电视新闻发布会上说：“包括我在内的民主党议员将用自己的生命保护我们国家的民主和未来以及公共安全、生命和财产。”
总统的惊人举动让人想起了自20世纪80年代以来韩国从未见过的独裁领导人时代，这一举动立即遭到了反对派和尹永哲所在保守党的领导人的谴责。
据韩国联合通讯社报道，在尹永哲宣布这一决定后，韩国军方宣布将暂停可能引起“社会混乱”的议会和其他政治集会。
韩联社称，军方还表示，该国罢工的医生应在 48 小时内返回工作岗位。数月来，数千名医生一直在罢工，抗议政府计划扩大医学院的学生人数。军方表示，任何违反该法令的人都可以在没有逮捕令的情况下被逮捕。
根据韩国法律，只要议会多数票通过，就可以解除戒严。
宣布戒严后不久，议会议长在其 YouTube 频道上呼吁所有议员聚集在国会。他敦促军方和执法人员“保持冷静，坚守岗位”。
参加投票的所有 190 名议员都支持解除戒严。电视镜头显示，投票后，驻扎在议会的士兵离开了现场。
几个小时前，电视上显示警察封锁了国会入口，戴着头盔的士兵拿着步枪站在大楼前。
美联社摄影师看到至少三架直升机（可能是军方的）降落在议会场地内，同时有两三架直升机在现场上空盘旋。
尹某所属保守派国民力量党党魁韩东勋称实施戒严令的决定是“错误的”，并誓言“要和人民一起制止它”。李某在 2022 年总统大选中以微弱优势输给尹某，他称尹某的宣布“非法且违宪”。
尹在电视讲话中表示，戒严将有助于“重建和保护”国家，避免“陷入国家毁灭的深渊”。他说，他将“铲除亲朝鲜势力，保护宪政民主秩序”。
“我将尽快消灭反国家势力，使国家正常化，”他说，同时要求人民相信他，容忍“一些不便”。
尹的支持率近几个月有所下降，自 2022 年上任以来，他一直在努力推动自己的议程，反对反对派控制的议会。
尹的政党在明年的预算法案上与自由派反对派陷入僵局。反对派还试图通过动议弹劾三名高级检察官，包括首尔中央地方检察院院长，保守派称这是对他们对李明博刑事调查的报复，民意调查显示，李明博是 2027 年下一届总统大选的热门人选。
尹在电视讲话中还将反对派描述为“无耻的亲朝鲜反国家势力，正在掠夺我们公民的自由和幸福”，但他没有详细说明。
尹对朝鲜的核野心采取了强硬立场，背离了其自由派前任文在寅追求朝韩接触的政策。
尹还拒绝了对其妻子和高级官员丑闻进行独立调查的呼吁，这迅速招致了政治对手的强烈谴责。
尹的举动是该国自 1987 年民主化以来首次宣布戒严。该国上一次戒严是在 1979 年 10 月，当时前军事独裁者朴正熙被暗杀。
美联社驻韩国首尔记者金亨镇对本报道亦有贡献。
题图：周三，韩国士兵试图进入韩国首尔的国会。尹锡烈在周二的电视讲话中宣布，他将采取这一措施，实施军事临时统治，并表示这对于捍卫该国的宪法秩序至关重要。Chung Sung-Jun/Getty
附原英文报道：
South Korean parliament votes to defy the country’s president and immediately lift his martial law declaration
By Associated PressUpdated December 3, 2024
South Korean soldiers tried get into the national assembly on Wednesday in Seoul, South Korea. Yoon Suk Yeol announced he was taking the step, which enacts temporary rule by the military, during a televised speech on Tuesday, saying it was critical for defending the country’s constitutional order.Chung Sung-Jun/Getty
SEOUL — South Korean President Yoon Suk Yeol declared martial law late Tuesday, vowing to eliminate “anti-state” forces as he struggles against an opposition that controls the country’s parliament and that he accuses of sympathizing with communist North Korea.
Hours later, parliament voted to lift the declaration, with National Assembly Speaker Woo Won Shik declaring that the martial law was “invalid” and that lawmakers “will protect democracy with the people.”
Police and military personnel were seen leaving the Assembly’s grounds after Woo called for their withdrawal. Lee Jae-myung, leader of the liberal Democratic Party, which holds the majority in the 300-seat parliament, said the party’s lawmakers will remain in the Assembly’s main hall until Yoon formally lifts his order.
Seemingly hundreds of protesters gathered in front of the Assembly, waving banners and calling for Yoon’s impeachment.
“Democratic Party lawmakers, including me and many others, will protect our country’s democracy and future and public safety, lives and properties, with our own lives,” Lee told a televised news conference.
The president’s surprising move harkened back to an era of authoritarian leaders that the country has not seen since the 1980s, and it was immediately denounced by the opposition and the leader of Yoon’s own conservative party.
Following Yoon’s announcement, South Korea’s military proclaimed that parliament and other political gatherings that could cause “social confusion” would be suspended, according to South Korea’s Yonhap news agency.
The military also said that the country’s striking doctors should return to work within 48 hours, Yonhap said. Thousands of doctors have been striking for months over government plans to expand the number of students at medical schools. The military said anyone who violates the decree could be arrested without a warrant.
Under South Korean law, martial law can be lifted with a majority vote in the parliament.
Soon after the declaration, the parliament speaker called on his YouTube channel for all lawmakers to gather at the National Assembly. He urged military and law enforcement personnel to “remain calm and hold their positions.
All 190 lawmakers who participated in the vote supported the lifting of martial law. Television footage showed soldiers who had been stationed at parliament leaving the site after the vote.
Hours earlier, TV showed police officers blocking the entrance of the National Assembly and helmeted soldiers carrying rifles in front of the building.
An Associated Press photographer saw at least three helicopters, likely from the military, that landed inside the Assembly grounds, while two or three helicopters circled above the site.
The leader of Yoon’s conservative People Power Party, Han Dong-hoon, called the decision to impose martial law “wrong” and vowed to “stop it with the people.” Lee, who narrowly lost to Yoon in the 2022 presidential election, called Yoon’s announcement “illegal and unconstitutional.”
Yoon said during a televised speech that martial law would help “rebuild and protect” the country from “falling into the depths of national ruin.” He said he would “eradicate pro-North Korean forces and protect the constitutional democratic order.”
“I will eliminate anti-state forces as quickly as possible and normalize the country,” he said, while asking the people to believe in him and tolerate “some inconveniences.”
Yoon — whose approval rating has dipped in recent months — has struggled to push his agenda against an opposition-controlled parliament since taking office in 2022.
Yoon’s party has been locked in an impasse with the liberal opposition over next year’s budget bill. The opposition has also attempted to pass motions to impeach three top prosecutors, including the chief of the Seoul Central District Prosecutors’ Office, in what the conservatives have called a vendetta against their criminal investigations of Lee, who has been seen as the favorite for the next presidential election in 2027 in opinion polls.
During his televised announcement, Yoon also described the opposition as “shameless pro-North Korean anti-state forces who are plundering the freedom and happiness of our citizens,” but he did not elaborate.
Yoon has taken a hard line on North Korea over its nuclear ambitions, departing from the policies of his liberal predecessor, Moon Jae-in, who pursued inter-Korean engagement.
Yoon has also dismissed calls for independent investigations into scandals involving his wife and top officials, drawing quick, strong rebukes from his political rivals.
Yoon’s move was the first declaration of martial law since the country’s democratization in 1987. The country’s last previous martial law was in October 1979, following the assassination of former military dictator Park Chung-hee.
Associated Press Writer Hyung-jin Kim in Seoul, South Korea, contributed to this report.
